While marijuana use may seem harmless to some, research shows that it can have serious consequences, especially for teens. Here are the top three dangers and what parents can do to intervene effectively.

1. Impact on Brain Development: According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), marijuana can disrupt brain development, especially during adolescence. Regular use has been linked to cognitive impairments in memory, attention, and learning. For example, studies show that teens who use marijuana regularly often experience a drop in academic performance, with some reporting a full letter grade decrease in GPA. This cognitive decline can have long-lasting effects on their ability to focus and succeed in school. Neuroscientists generally agree that brains continue to develop into the mid-20s, with significant changes occurring throughout adolescence and early adulthood. The exact age can vary slightly depending on the individual, but the brain's prefrontal cortex—responsible for decision-making, impulse control, and reasoning—typically reaches full maturity around age 25. Therefore, early teen brain development is crucial for cognitive and emotional regulation.

1. Mental Health Risks: Studies published by the American Psychological Association indicate that teens who use marijuana may face increased risks of anxiety, depression, and in some cases, psychosis. Dr. Nora Volkow, Director of NIDA, explains that marijuana can exacerbate underlying mental health conditions. For instance, teens already experiencing social anxiety may use marijuana to self-medicate, only to find their symptoms worsen over time. In severe cases, regular use has been associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia in teens genetically predisposed to the disorder.
2. Academic and Social Consequences: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) report that regular marijuana use can lead to a drop in academic performance and disengagement from social activities. For example, a teen who regularly uses marijuana might begin skipping classes or withdrawing from extracurricular activities, reducing their chances of success in school and diminishing important social skills. Over time, this withdrawal can also limit future opportunities, such as college admission or scholarships.

What Parents Can Do:

1. Start a Conversation: According to experts at the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), opening a dialogue with your teen about their feelings and the pressures they face can make a big difference. Ask open-ended questions like, "How are you feeling about what’s going on at school?" or "What do your friends think about marijuana use?"
2. Seek Professional Help: Mayo Clinic recommends consulting with a counselor or healthcare provider who specializes in adolescent substance use if you suspect your teen is using marijuana. Early intervention can prevent marijuana use from becoming a long-term problem. Therapists can also provide coping strategies for teens dealing with peer pressure.
3. Establish Boundaries: Set clear expectations and communicate them to your teen. For example, you might say, "I expect you to stay away from drugs, and if you’re ever tempted or offered marijuana, please come talk to me." Reinforce positive behaviors by rewarding honesty and responsibility, helping your teen feel supported, not punished.

By taking these steps, parents can foster a supportive environment while guiding their teens toward making healthier decisions.

References:

1. National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, "Alcohol’s Effects on the Adolescent Brain," 2021.
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, "Consequences of Underage Drinking," 2021.
3. National Institutes of Health, "Alcohol and Emotional Regulation in Teens," 2021.
4. Youth Risk Behavior Survey, "Alcohol Use Among High School Students," 2021.